PCPs and Expander Graphs

Опубликовано 17 августа 2016, 3:52

A probabilistically checkable proof (PCP) is a special format for writing proofs that is very robust. In this format, a proof of a false theorem is guaranteed to have so many bugs that it can be checked by reading a constant number of random proof bits. The celebrated PCP theorem says that every NP language has a robust 'PCP' proof. In the talk we will explain how to construct a PCP by taking any standard NP proof and then routing it through an expander graph (i.e., a graph that is very well-connected). We will also describe a complementary result that shows how in some restricted sense, every construction of a PCP must be based on an expander. No prior knowledge will be assumed. Based in part on joint work with Tali Kaufman.