Why Don't Snakes Poison Themselves?

Опубликовано 24 сентября 2024, 17:08

Click this link sponsr.is/bootdev_MinuteEarth and use my code MINUTEEARTH to get 25% off your first payment for boot.dev. That’s 25% off your first month or your first year, depending on the subscription you choose.

Many animal species stuff themselves with toxic chemicals for protection, which forces them to use a handful of distinct strategies to avoid becoming victims of their own weapons.

LEARN MORE
**************
To learn more about this topic, start your googling with these keywords:
- Antibody: a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen. Antibodies combine chemically with substances which the body recognizes as alien, such as bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances in the blood.
- Globulin: any of a group of simple proteins soluble in salt solutions and forming a large fraction of blood serum protein.
- Poison: a substance that is capable of causing the illness or death of a living organism when introduced or absorbed.
- Venom: a poisonous substance secreted by animals such as snakes, spiders, and scorpions and typically injected into prey or aggressors by biting or stinging.

SUPPORT MINUTEEARTH
**************************
If you like what we do, you can help us!:
- Become our patron: patreon.com/MinuteEarth
- Our merch: dftba.com/minuteearth
- Our book: minuteearth.com/books
- Share this video with your friends and family
- Leave us a comment (we read them!)

CREDITS
*********
Cameron Duke | Script Writer, Narrator and Director
Arcadi Garcia i Rius | Storyboard Artist
Sarah Berman | Illustration, Video Editing and Animation
Nathaniel Schroeder | Music

MinuteEarth is produced by Neptune Studios LLC
neptunestudios.info

OUR STAFF
************
Lizah van der Aart • Sarah Berman • Cameron Duke
Arcadi Garcia i Rius • David Goldenberg • Melissa Hayes
Alex Reich • Henry Reich • Peter Reich
Ever Salazar • Leonardo Souza • Kate Yoshida

OUR LINKS
************
Youtube | youtube.com/MinuteEarth
TikTok | tiktok.com/@minuteearth
Twitter | twitter.com/MinuteEarth
Instagram | instagram.com/minute_earth
Facebook | facebook.com/Minuteearth
Website | minuteearth.com
Apple Podcasts| podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/...


REFERENCES
**************
Abderemane-Ali, Fayal, et al. “Evidence That Toxin Resistance in Poison Birds and Frogs Is Not Rooted in Sodium Channel Mutations and May Rely on “Toxin Sponge” Proteins.” Journal of General Physiology, vol. 153, no. 9, 5 Aug. 2021, doi.org/10.1085/jgp.202112872

Kinkawa, Kohshi, et al. “Up-Regulation of the Expressions of Phospholipase A2 Inhibitors in the Liver of a Venomous Snake by Its Own Venom Phospholipase A2.” Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 395, no. 3, May 2010, pp. 377–381, doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.04...

Mackessy, Stephen P., and Louise M. Baxter. “Bioweapons Synthesis and Storage: The Venom Gland of Front-Fanged Snakes.” Zoologischer Anzeiger - a Journal of Comparative Zoology, vol. 245, no. 3, 24 Nov. 2006, pp. 147–159, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044523106000416, doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2006.01....

Nekaris, K Anne-Isola, et al. “Mad, Bad and Dangerous to Know: The Biochemistry, Ecology and Evolution of Slow Loris Venom.” Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases, vol. 19, no. 1, 2013, p. 21, doi.org/10.1186/1678-9199-19-2...

Resiere, Dabor, et al. “Bothrops Lanceolatus Bites: Guidelines for Severity Assessment and Emergent Management.” Toxins, vol. 2, no. 1, 22 Jan. 2010, pp. 163–173, doi.org/10.3390/toxins2010163. Accessed 14 Mar. 2023.

Takacs, Zoltan, et al. “Snake α-Neurotoxin Binding Site on the Egyptian Cobra (Naja Haje) Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Is Conserved.” Molecular Biology and Evolution, vol. 18, no. 9, 1 Sept. 2001, pp. 1800–1809, doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals...

Tarvin, Rebecca D., et al. “Interacting Amino Acid Replacements Allow Poison Frogs to Evolve Epibatidine Resistance.” Science, vol. 357, no. 6357, 22 Sept. 2017, pp. 1261–1266, doi.org/10.1126/science.aan506...